Player and coach exchange programmes are also being introduced in the initiative.
Chief executive Allan Duckworth said: "We have been looking at China for some time now as a potential future market.
"I am delighted that our strategy is starting to bear fruit with this partnership."
Wuhan general manager Chen Xu Dong added: "The Wuhan-Bolton centre will be unique in China. It will make a substantial contribution to the development of football, not just in our city but also in our country."